Emerging Infectious Disease Network
Foot & Mouth Disease Reference Library
The
Foot and Mouth Disease Reference Library is a collaborative initiative
of
international veterinary, medical and scientific experts to share
information
and enhance academic discussion of emerging infectious diseases and
issues
associated with preparedness, response, mitigation and policy.
Contact:
Stephen
M. Apatow
Founder,
Director of Research & Development
Humanitarian
Resource Institute (UN:NGO:DESA)
Humanitarian University
Consortium Graduate Studies
Center
for Medicine, Veterinary Medicine & Law
Phone:
203-668-0282
Email:
s.m.apatow@humanitarian.net
Internet:
www.humanitarian.net
Pathobiologics
International
Internet:
www.pathobiologics.org
In The Spotlight
.
|
USDA Hotline
on EU Foot & Mouth Outbreak
The USDA's Animal and
Plant Health Inspection Service has established a toll-free hotline
staffed by veterinarians and import/export experts to respond to
questions regarding the outbreak of foot-and-mouth disease in parts of
Europe. The toll-free
number is 1-800-601-9327, and international callers can reach
the
center by dialing 01-301-734-9257.
- USDA
APHIS Foot & Mouth Disease Index Includes new requirements for
Horses
Imported into the U.S. from Countries with Foot-and-Mouth Disease.
- USDA Overview: Foot-and-Mouth Disease Vaccine (text
or PDF)
- USDA Overview: Foot-and-Mouth Disease Prevention (text
or PDF)
- USDA Overview: Foot-and-Mouth Disease Response (text
or PDF)
|
.
USDA:APHIS:
- USDA:
Animal & Plant Health Inspections Service (APHIS)
- USDA: National Center For Import And Export: Live
Animals
- Center for Emerging Issues
- USDA:APHIS:VS: Foot
and Mouth Disease - Sources of Outbreaks and Hazard Categorization of
Modes of Virus Transmission 12/94 Presents a summary of past
primary outbreaks of FMD by source of infection and a qualitative
ranking of the
relative biological hazard of possible modes of transmission.
- See
APHIS:VS: Centers
for Epidemiology & Animal Health An OIE Collaborating Center Find Information
on: Spatial Analysis, Maps, Trade Support, Impact Worksheets, EEO
Activities, OIE Collaboration, Disease, Eradication, Monitoring &
Surveillance. Epidemiological tracking which clearly
defines the scope of livestock movement throughout the United States on
a daily basis is crucial for efforts to track potential exposure via
virus excretion which exists for at least four days before symptoms
appear and specific actions which would be required for containment of
an outbreak (# of states, farms, etc.).
Recent
Releases & Reports
- 5.29.2001 Texas Prepares for Emergency Animal
Disaster Ground Zero: Tripartite Exercise 2000
- Tripartite Exercise 2000: Final US Reports & Summaries - Canada
-
Mexico - United States Foreign Animal Disease Response Simulation
Exercise
- ProMed: 14 Points: Foot & Mouth Preparedness -
USA (06) Lessons learned
from
other countries and a collection of necessary points which need to be
addressed as part of any plan in the United States.
- Potential Impact of Foot and Mouth Disease Outbreak in
California: Ekboir,
Jarvis, Bervejillo: Total stamping out is the current US strategy and
thus the policy that would be implemented if an outbreak should occur
in California (APHIS, 1991). However, alternative policies could be a
more economical way of dealing with an outbreak (Garner and Lack,
1995). As the model’s simulations show, an outbreak could require
depopulating California’s entire cattle
herd. If it were known in advance that this result was probable, the
state
might find it more economical to vaccinate the entire herd and
quarantine
movements with the rest of the US. HOWEVER,
THE CONDITIONS UNDER WHICH ALTERNATIVE POLICIES WOULD BE PREFERABLE
SHOULD
BE EVALUATED IN ADVANCE BECAUSE ONCE AN OUTBREAK HAS OCCURRED,
ERADICATION
STRATEGIES ARE LARGELY IRREVERSIBLE (Emphasis: sma).
- Potential
Impact of Foot-and-Mouth Disease in California: The role and
contribution of animal health surveillance and monitoring services.
A detailed
study of the industry and the results of economic modeling reported by
Javier M. Ekboir in the 123-page volume
emphasize the crucial importance of quick detection and immediate
control
of an outbreak of the disease. Ekboir's results indicate that a few
days
could make a difference of billions of dollars in control costs,
production
losses, and quarantined markets.
- 3.2001: What
Lessons Will be learned from Foot and Mouth? A Preliminary Economic
Assessment of the 2001 Epidemic David Harvey: Department of Agricultural
Economics and Food Marketing, Universty of Newcastle upon Tyne.
Assessment of a model which is based on a premise that with no control
at all, the disease would cost of cost the UK an estimated
£1.2billion per year and that the country as a whole could afford
a £10billion epidemic once every ten years and still come out
ahead in purely monetary terms.5.31.2001 UK DOH Risk Factors - Disposal of Carcasses:
Programme of Monitoring for Public Health
- 5.24.2001
Effects on Health of Emissions from Pyres Used for
Disposal of Animals Risk assessment undertaken by: UK
Department of Health, Department of Environment, Transport and the
Regions, Food Standards Agency, Environment Agency, AEA Technology
- 5.24.2001:
Measures to Minimize Risk to Public Health from
Slaughter and Disposal of Animals - Further Guidance Foot and Mouth Disease UK
Department
of Health
- Proposed Changes to International Regulations
by
the OIE / FAO International Scientific Conference on foot and mouth
disease
- 17-18 April 2001: OIE
press release Download the final report (resolutions, agenda,
list of participants): OIEFAO_conf.pdf
(77Kb)(.PDF)
(April 2001)
Discussion:
Hot Topics:
News & Information
FMD Information Sources:
European Commission for the Control of
Foot-and-Mouth
Disease
Training
material including photographic library, disease recognition multimedia
software
. |
.. |
.
| .
.
United States
EU Official FMD Web Sites
.
..
5.18.2001
Agro-Terrorism: A Reference Point for the Need of a
Solid Foreign Animal Disease Federal Response Plan According to Dr. Michael Margolian in the paper Agricultural
Bio-terrorism: View from the United States: Since the 1960s, the
Department of Defense
(DoD) has worked with USDA to protect America's plants and animals
against
disease. In 1971, 4,000 DoD personnel provided assistance to USDA
during
a Texas outbreak of Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis. Some 140 soldiers
were
enlisted in support of the campaign against the 1983 Pennsylvanian
outbreak
of Avian Influenza. In June 1997, DoD lent equipment to USDA for
combating
the Medfly in Florida. In 1998, DoD assisted the South Dakota National
Guard
in developing contingency plans to deal with a potential biological
attack
against the state's swine population. In 1999, DoD's US Army
Medical
Institute of Infectious Diseases supported the Centers for Disease
Control's
efforts to isolate the cause of New York's West Nile Fever
outbreak.
.
.
|
.
.
. |
